Herman HesseS Siddhartha Essay Research Paper SiddharthaIn free essay sample

Herman Hesse? S Siddhartha Essay, Research Paper Buddha In Herman Hesse # 8217 ; s Siddhartha, Unity is a reflecting subject of this novel and in life. Unity is foremost introduced by agencies of the river and by the mystical word # 8220 ; Om. # 8221 ; Siddhartha # 8217 ; s quest for cognition began when he left his male parent and sought the instructions of the Samanas. By going a Samana Siddhartha had to give up all of his ownerships and larn to last with practically nil. He rapidly picked up all of the Samanas # 8217 ; fast ones like meditating, forsaking of the Self, fasting, and keeping of the breath. By abandoning the Self, Siddhartha left himself and took on many other signifiers and became many other things. At first, this aroused Siddhartha and he craved more. He took on the form and life of everything, but he would ever return to himself. After he began to detect this eternal rhythm he realized how disgruntled it truly made him. We will write a custom essay sample on Herman HesseS Siddhartha Essay Research Paper SiddharthaIn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He had learned all the baronial tools the samanas had taught for achieving the innermost Being that is no longer Self, yet even after get the hanging all of the humanistic disciplines he neer progressed further than his rhythm of abandoning his Self and returning to it. Although Siddhartha felt dissatisfied with his stay with the Samanas, in contemplation there were a batch of things that he took from his experience with them. He mastered the art of self-denial and many ways of losing the Self, which was really of import. He became patient plenty to wait for anything and learned to populate without nutrient or any other necessities. Siddhartha makes his first important measure towards achieving Nirvana when he leaves the Brahmins to populate with the Samanas. Although he could neer genuinely attain Nirvana with the Samanas, the major measure is that he began to oppugn his method to achieve enlightenment. Govinda is Siddhartha # 8217 ; s childhood friend. He is a foil to Siddhartha, functioning as a benchmark for the latter # 8217 ; s advancement toward enlightenment. Govinda spends portion I of the novel with Siddhartha and so leaves to follow the Buddha. He reappears at points of passage in Siddhartha # 8217 ; s life, and is with Siddhartha at the novel # 8217 ; s terminal to larn his wisdom. Kamaswami is the merchandiser for whom Siddhartha works while populating in town. It is from the clever though impatient Kamaswami that Siddhartha learns how to carry on concern and concern himself with money and material goods. Vasuveda is the ferryman with whom Siddhartha lives for the last tierce of the novel. He is an uneducated adult male, but he is an exc ellent hearer and Teachs Siddhartha through illustration. Most notably, Vasuveda teaches Siddhartha to listen to the wisdom of the river, a wisdom that leads both Vasuveda and Siddhartha to enlightenment. Another common subject is where the chief character inquiries his society, or faith. In Siddhartha, he is oppugning both his faith and his society, because they are one and the same. In my ain experience, I haven # 8217 ; t of all time been pressured to be portion of one peculiar belief system, so I have been free to see many different faiths. Siddhartha besides was allowed to alter his beliefs, but he had a base faith to get down with. Siddhartha is clearly the perfect and glorious character in this book. He, an person, has found his ain manner to the coveted end of peace, harmoniousness, and Unity. Quotation marks # 8220 ; Siddhartha had one individual goal- to go empty, to go empty of thirst, desire, dreams, pleasance and sorrow- to allow the Self dice. No longer to be Self, to see the peace of an emptied bosom, to see pure thought- that was his goal. # 8221 ; ( p. 14 ) # 8220 ; Slowly, like wet come ining the deceasing tree bole, easy make fulling and decomposing it, so did the universe and inertia weirdo into Siddhartha # 8217 ; s psyche ; it easy filled his psyche, made it heavy, made it tired, sent it to sleep. # 8221 ; ( p. 76 ) # 8220 ; Nothing is mine, I know nil, I possess nil, I have learned nil. How unusual it is! Now, when I am no longer immature, when my hair is fast turning grey, when strength begins to decrease, now I am get downing once more like a child. # 8221 ; ( p. 95 ) # 8220 ; He is making what you yourself have neglected to make. He is looking after himself ; he is traveling his ain way. # 8221 ; ( p. 124 ) # 8220 ; I learned through my organic structure and psyche that it was necessary for me to transgress, that I needed lecherousness, that I had to endeavor for belongings and experience sickness and the deepnesss of desperation in order to larn non to defy them, in order to larn to love the universe, and no longer compare it with some sort of coveted fanciful universe # 8230 ; # 8221 ; ( p. 144 ) # 8220 ; How, so, could he non cognize love, he who has recognized all humanity # 8217 ; s amour propre and transience, yet loves humanity so much that he has devoted a long life entirely to assist and learn people? Besides with this great instructor, the thing to me is of greater importance than the words ; his workss and life are more of import to me than his talk, the gesture of his manus is more of import to me than his opinions. # 8221 ; ( p. 148 )

The Role of the United States Constitution and the United States Legal System in Business Regulation Essays

The Role of the United States Constitution and the United States Legal System in Business Regulation Essays The Role of the United States Constitution and the United States Legal System in Business Regulation Essay The Role of the United States Constitution and the United States Legal System in Business Regulation Essay This paper will describe the role of the United States Constitution and the United States legal system in business regulation. The recent business regulations in US businesses will be outlined and further explanation on how the economic growth created by private business and how the US government could not sustain itself. This paper will examine an example from an article which demonstrates how a Constitutional right affects a business and how the legal system is used with respect to recognizing or protecting that right. The US government has regulated businesses since the colonial times. The fight for independence in the United States made the need for more responsive and effective business regulations. In the nineteenth century, the US grew to be a world power and the economy became more industrialized. Business laws were passed by the federal government that favored social reforms and not towards the big businesses. Less regulation for business and the public was introduced in the twentieth century and had expanded until the 1970s. Deregulation on the state of California’s economy and several corporate accounting scandals surfaced in the twenty first century raised federal interventions into business practices. Under the Articles of Confederation, central government was created. These articles lacked certain regulations between the states and did not enforced contractual obligations. Because of these flaws, the US Constitution created the current form of moderate federal system of protection and ended state tariff regulation. Several years later, the federal government guaranteed protection of the due process of law against national currency, security for contracts, and making gifts of land. Enforcing the contracts and property rights are regulated by the government and are the basics that US business could not function without them. The US government could not sustain by itself without the economic growth created by private business. Deep concerns with the potential political concerns over the credit card interest rates by the White House and Congress have grown for many Americans. Based on the economic conditions are weak in industries and the overall general US economy. Both organizations assume their powers and responsibility in protection the consumer can lower credit card rates and increase regulations. Congress’ role was defined the movement of goods between states and abandoned ever since 1937 with Supreme Court on the Commerce Clause in the Constitution. Several issues on regulations of credit cards by the Federal Reserve Board are being addressed in this article. In 2010, they will be responsible in making the decisions and regulating limiting credit rate increase. In the past Congress was out of the constitutional boundaries to regulate local and state matters on credit care rates and now the Federal Reserve will be empowered to do so. The concerns on how the Constitution can be overlooked and where is the constitutional authority is derived from is becoming an every day topic of discussion. The US government was created under the Constitution and it specifically stated on limited powers and specific details for the federal government and Congress. And it’s unfortunate that it will no longer be respected as it as been for the past 150 years in our nation’s history. On a state level, credit card regulations will be beneficial for them. It is clearly and definitively a decision to be discussed by the states only if the regulation is needed. The responsibility of the states can be closed off, powerful and independent. More federal regulations, interventions and control on finances are becoming a common practice on a day to day basis. The prediction is the Federal Reserve will gain more regulatory power over the US financial industry in order to protect the consumer. In the 10th Amendment states that bringing issues not given to the federal government back to the states and the people and if all people involved with law making can understand and not ignore, the people can be protected if everyone follows, respects and protect the Constitution of the United States. In conclusion, the first section of this paper provided a definition of the purpose and function of role of the United States Constitution and the United States legal system in business regulation. The next section explained how a current article demonstrates how a Constitutional right affects a business. Finally federal and state regulations may not regulate alike and can be self contradictory as well as confusing to all business community. They both can be relatively vague to leave the Constitutional rights of all US business. The United States is one of the nations depends on private entrepreneurs for the overall business welfare. Intentional Tort: While a tort, is defined as any wrong doing to somebody involving breach of a civil duty, an intentional tort is defined as a civil wrong committed intentionally by the tortfeaser. In simple terms it means causing harm to anybody intentionally. Elements of the intentional tort includes: intent, act, cause, and harmful or offensive contact. Few of the common intentional torts include: * Assault * Battery * Conversion * False imprisonment * Trespass to land * Trespass to chattels (Personal property) * Intentional infliction of emotional distress * Fraud * Invasion of privacy Real life example includes the Fisher v Carrousel Motor Hotel, Inc Case of Texas in 1967. The plaintiff here was standing with a plate and one of the defendant’s employees snatched the plate out of his hand and made a racist remark. He didn’t touch him physically but the plaintiff was hurt emotionally. This was judged as a case of battery under intentional tort. The court finally said that â€Å"personal indignity† is the essence of battery, so it doesn’t matter whether or not there was physical contact or injury. It mentioned the act as a battery and the plaintiff was entitled to receive damages for the mental suffering caused to him. Negligence Tort Negligence tort includes activities that have caused harm to somebody due to carelessness rather than doing any intentional harm. Negligence tort can be proved with just three elements conduct, causation and damages. Real Life example of the Negligence Tort is the Stone v. Bolton case of 1950. Stone (P) was struck in the head by a ball that flew out of a cricket field across the street from her home. Stone sued Bolton (D), the owner of the cricket field for public nuisance and common law negligence on the grounds that the field did not have a fence high enough to prevent balls from flying out of he field. Bolton claimed that only 6-10 balls had escaped the field in the previous 30 years and it was therefore an unforeseeable risk. P appealed the trial court’s judgment in favor of D and the appeals court reversed in favor of P. This was a case of negligence tort. Strict Liability Torts Strict liability simply refers to legal responsibility for all kind of damage s caused to the other person even if the person found guilty did it intentionally or by mistake. While other torts needs to be proved with sufficient proven evidences, strict liability could be imposed on a party without a finding of fault. The claimant here only needs to prove the occurrence of the tort and that the defendant was responsible. Real life example: Greenman v Yuba Power Products Pl Greenman purchased a combination power tool that could be used as a saw, drill, and wood lathe. He saw it demonstrated and read the brochure prepared by the manufacturer. He subsequently purchased the necessary attachments to use the Shopsmith as a lathe. After he had worked on the piece of wood several times it flew out of the machine and struck him in the forehead, inflicting serious injuries. 0 months later he gave the retailer and manufacturer written notice of claimed breaches of warranties and filed a complaint. Expert testified that inadequate set screws were used to hold parts of the machine together, and there were other positive ways of fastening the parts which would have prevented the accident. A manufacturer is strictly liable in tort when an article he places on the market, knowing that it is to be used without ins pection for defects, proves to have a defect that causes an injury to a human being. Court Rationale: Rules defining and governing warranties that were developed to meet the needs of commercial transactions cannot properly be invoked to govern the manufacturer’s liability to those injured by their defective products unless those rules also serve the purposes for which such liability is imposed. The purpose of such liability is to insure that the costs of injuries resulting from defective products are borne by the manufacturer that put such products on the market rather than by the injured persons who are powerless to protect themselves. Implicit in the machine’s presence on the market was a representation that it would safely do the jobs for which it was built. To establish the manufacturer’s liability it was sufficient that PL proved that he was injured while using the Shopsmith in a way in which it was intended to be used as a result of a defect in design and manufacture of which PL was not aware that made the Shopsmith unsafe for its intended use. References: * Government Regulation of Business. Answers. September 7, 2009. Retrieved on September 7, 2009. answers. com/topic/government-regulation-of-business * Trampling the Constitutional Role of Regulation. Tenth Amendment Center. September 6, 2009. Retrieved on September 6, 2009 * tenthamendmentcenter. com/2009/05/09/trampling-the-constitutional-role-of-regulation/ * 4lawschool. com/torts/yuba. shtml * lawnix. com/cases/stone-bolton. html * http://lawschool. mikeshecket. com/torts/fishervcarrouselmotorhotelinc. html * http://www2. gsu. edu/~rmip zb/torts. htm

Peer Reviews of Opinion Papers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Peer Reviews of Opinion Papers - Assignment Example This issue comes into discussion a little later. Considering the fact that introduction is supposed to shed brief light about the topic that is going to be discussed in more detail in the body and hence giving the reader a good view of what to expect, this introduction has not fulfilled that instruction and the reader is left to scan through the rest of the body of the written article to have grasp what the discussion is all about. Other than the lack of following the initial instructions about writing an introduction, the little bit discussed in the first part of the paper that is supposedly the introduction though vague and maybe ambiguous to some extent shed in little light about the expectations of the paper and the position the writer has taken. The writer has tried to give the rationale of the topic in discussion. More rationale should however have been provided to really convince the reader that the issue under discussion is a problem that needs to be addressed. The rationale though good as it is lacks enough justifications through evidences from researches or literature review and hence seems vague enough. After having a bit of trouble with the introduction section, the writer has done a good and commendable job on the body part of the discussion. Integration of references in the discussion which are supporting literature of the discussion has been integrated. With the references indicated, it is evident that the writer did an extensive literature review of the topic under discussion and hence came up with exemplary material enough to support the earlier stipulated position of the issue and to even convince the reader that it is the best position to take. The references also show differences in positions of various scholars from time immemorial until now and the changes in ideologies and beliefs and which is what makes the writer make a stand in supporting the issue

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Teenage Pregnancy - Essay Example There has been a growing agony regarding the problem of teenage pregnancy and early parenthood, since it is acknowledged that these lead to poor educational achievement, poor physical and mental health, poverty, and social isolation for both the parents, especially the mother and the children. Teenage pregnancy carries high costs in terms of both social and economic health of both mothers and their children. This paper will introduce the historical background of this epidemic, focusing on the controversy that encompasses the topic of public school sex education. Then, policy goals and options will be critically discussed. , in an attempt to analyze this issue, this paper will conclude with an evaluation of this policy and recommended solutions regarding the problem of teen pregnancy overall (Hoyt, HH and Broom, BL., 2002). Among the industrialized nations, the United States has the highest rates of teen pregnancy, abortion, and sexually transmitted disease. Publicly, the religious right had had a tremendous influence over the formation of federal policy in regards to teen sex education since the Reagan Administration in the 1980's. Since this time, the federal government has taken a rigid stance that the only allowable form of sex education is solely abstinence (Hampton, T., 2008). Morally speaking, the focus of federal policy is on preventing sexual conduct prior to marriage, which ignores the morality of trying to prevent teens from gaining the knowledge that could protect them from both disease and unwanted pregnancies (Dinan, J., 2008). Numerous people often question the ethics regarding this public policy. Teenage pregnancy carries high costs in terms of both the social and economic health of mothers and their children. Economically, teen pregnancy is an enormous drain on American society, as the responsibility of parenting a child often prevents young mothers from completing their basic high school education. Only one-third of pregnant teen mothers manage to complete high school and only 1.5 percent obtains a college degree by the age of thirty, while close to 80 percent of all single teenage mothers rely on welfare for support (Kelly, K and Grant, L., 2007). Thirty-four percent of teenage girls in America get pregnant at least one time prior to reaching the age of twenty (Horgan, RP and Kenny, LC., 2007). Thus far by law, abstinence-only sex education programs are mandated to eliminate educating complete, medically accurate information (Kohler, PK, Manhart, LE., and Lafferty, WE., 2008). Educators are prohibited by law from following research and public opinion supporting comprehensive sex education, regarding tactics that actually work in a positive manner to prevent teen pregnancy and lower STD rates (Rose, 2005, p. 1207). The most influential stakeholder group on this issue is the religious right. Rose (2005) makes it very clear that this group represents only 10 percent of the adult American population. A 2004 report, "Public Support for Comprehensive Sexuality education, "reveals that 93 percent of parents of junior high school students and 91 percent of parents of high school students indicate support for comprehensive sex

The impact to the London from the preparative for Olympic Gme in Essay

The impact to the London from the preparative for Olympic Gme in London 2012 - Essay Example There are several parameters which will come across direct impact of the 2012 London Olympics. The impacts of preparation of London Olympics are described as follows: The London Olympics and Paralympics 2012 will use both the existing facilities as well as the latest new architectural wonders such as 'Olympic park' and 'Olympic stadium' (Construct UK, 2005). The whole process is developed keeping in mind that no 'white elephants' are created while carrying out 2012 Olympics projects. This is also called as '2012 legacy'. The Olympic park(Newman, P. 2007) is being developed on a wasteland near Stratford, which is claimed to be the biggest engineering and construction project in Europe. Significant cleaning up of the 2.5 sq. km contaminated land is already in progress. After the Olympiad is over , the Olympic park will be transformed into an urban park which will be the largest in Europe. The other venues such as aquatics centre, hockey centre and the multi sports arena will lead to the overall development of sports infrastructure in UK. Some of the sports facilities like ExCeL in Newham (which will host Weightlifting, Boxing, Judo, Wrestling, Tae Kwondo and Table Tennis competitions), O2 in Greenwich (Gymnastics); Greenwich Arena (will host Badminton and Rhythmic Gymnastics), Horse Guards' Parade (Beach Volleyball) and Wimbledon (Tennis) already exists and need only some renovation. While developing the new venues and infrastructure it was necessary to purchase and demolish some business and private sites and properties. This has led to some controversy as the proprietors complained of inadequate compensation. Thus the overall infrastructure development taken place is really beneficial in the long run for the development of UK Impact on transport: The need to get the entire Olympic family as well as the spectators safely and on time to the venue has led to the proposal of improvement in the existing transport system. The main aim is to complete the games related transport improvement work well before 2012 so that people can enjoy the benefits before, during and after the Olympics. The Lower Lea Valley will be transformed into one of the best connected areas in the capital, in accordance with the transport improvement plans, thus bringing economic and social benefits. East London will see long term benefits as a result of this. Rail lines, stations and platforms are being upgraded which will serve the public interest in the long run even after the games are over. The London Underground's East London Line is being expanded; the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line are being upgraded. The new "Javelin" high-speed rail service, using Hitachi 'bullet' trains is being introduced for the fastest surface transit. Buses: The 'iBus' with automated vehicle control systems and a comprehensive communication system will be introduced by end 2008. These buses are particularly helpful to aged, disabled and foreign tourists who have language problems as these are equipped with audio visual systems for information on upcoming bus stop, live information on board the buses. River transport: The inland

Child And Youth Care Work

Child And Youth Care Work Introduction The profession of child and youth care requires a great amount of effort, determination and skill. Within the field, child and youth care workers are expected to acquire and uphold a trusting bond with the youth involved (Quinn, 2004: 18). Although the main aim of the child and youth care worker is to care for, love, and protect the child, this may prove difficult in many circumstances. Therefore, the youth care worker needs to have acquired skills in order to overcome these challenges while still succeeding in building a strong relationship with the child involved. This essay will discuss the elements of child and youth care work as well as the expectations of child and youth care workers. In particular, it will focus on the skills needed within the profession and the difficulties faced when trying to care for children and youth. Elements of Child and Youth Care Maier (1987) describes the core elements of child and youth care work as providing children with physical comfort, knowing the different temperaments of each child, rhythmic interactions with children, predictability, dependability and also behavioural training. When practicing within the field of child and youth care, the worker is required to have an understanding of these elements in order to do their work to the best of their ability. More specifically, the elements of child and youth care includes fulfilling the physical and privacy needs of the children and also knowing the differences in their temperaments, in other words, knowing the differences in their personalities and attitudes. Also, the child care worker needs to make time for rhythmic interactions with the patient so that they can both have an experience of closeness .e.g. singing or dancing (Maier, 1987). Children have a strong need for predictability, and rhythmic interactions also play a role in this. â€Å"Rhythmic activities seem to confirm the experience of repetition and continuity of repetition† which, as a result, provides the child with a feeling of lasting commitment and predictability. Children and youth need to know that they have a reliable adult to depend on. Lastly, child and youth care workers need to add in a personal element to the behavioural training of their patients. Children generally learn quicker from those who have meaning to them and therefore will learn more readily from their care-giver once care has been established (Maier, 1987). Expectations and Skills Required The main role of a child and youth care worker is to work with children and youth in ways that are educative, participative and empowering. The worker is expected to encourage equality of opportunity and social inclusion amongst the children that they are working with (Pittman, 2004: 90). Communication plays an important role within the profession of child and youth care. Workers are required to create and maintain relationships of trust with the children and youth involved and should deliver information so that it is received in the manner intended. Child and youth care workers need to communicate well and convey and explain information assertively and â€Å"in language of the community† (Quinn, 2004: 18). Child and youth care workers are also expected to implement programmes which aid the children and youth in their growth, learning and development. In order to do this, workers are required to have knowledge on group work and should know how to assist groups in times of need. Child and youth care workers should continuously be planning and implementing new activities for children to participate in. While doing this, the patients should be motivated and encouraged to engage in these activities (Quinn, 2004: 18). In order to show respect for the family of the child and the community in which they reside, it is vital that the worker gains an understanding of the family culture and structures (Quinn, 2004: 19). This will allow workers to deal with conflicts easier as they will then be more sensitive when holding discussions on certain topics and will thus be-able to create relevant strategies in order to satisfy the childs needs. Child and youth care workers should show a high level of understanding of children and should be able to â€Å"recognise need for intervention† so that they can help with the childs problem with immediacy. Difficulties in the Field Providing good child care means â€Å"providing children with authoritative control and giving them responsive nurturance† (Cancian, 2002:65). However, it may be difficult to carry out good child care effectively at times. Difficulties in the field may include communication problems like not being sensitive or authoritative enough. Being in the profession involves a lot of stress as it is a challenge to care for children and youth and to achieve a professional image amongst society for the child and youth care profession. It is also challenging in the fact that it requires us to be flexible in changes that may occur. Child and youth care workers need to be willing to grow and learn from good and bad experiences in the profession and thus prevent certain bad aspects from occurring in the future, which may prove difficult for people who do not like change and who dont take bad experience and criticism lightly. Conclusion It is concluded that the child and youth care profession involves providing children with basic and essential needs such as love, care and protection. Child care workers need to communicate effectively with the children in order to efficiently help with their problems and establish a trusting relationship with their patients so that proper care can be given. However, the profession does provide a few challenges but none which cannot be overcome with time and more experience in the field of child and youth care. References Cancian, F.M. (ed). 2002. ‘Defining â€Å"Good† Child Care: Hegemonic and Democratic Standards, Child Care and Inequality: Rethinking carework for children and youth. Great Britain: Routledge. p.65. Maier, H.W. (1987). ‘Essential Components in Care and Treatment Environments for Children, Developmental Group Care of Children and Youth: Concepts and Practice, USA: The Haworth Press, Inc. p.40-58. Pittman, K.J. (2004). ‘Reflections on the road not (yet) taken: How a centralized public strategy can help youth work focus on youth, (In Garza, P., Borden, L.M., Astroth, K.A. (eds.), New Directions for Youth Development: Professional Development for Youth Workers, 104: 90, Winter. Quinn, J. (2004). ‘Professional development in the youth development field: Issues, trends, opportunities, and challenges, (In Garza, P., Borden, L.M., Astroth, K.A. (eds.), New Directions for Youth Development: Professional Development for Youth Workers, 18-19, Winter.

Queen Elizabeth the First Essay -- essays research papers

Queen Elizabeth 1 The reign of Queen Elizabeth I is often referred to as "The Golden Age" of English history. Elizabeth was an immensely popular Queen, and her popularity has waned little with the passing of four hundred years. She is still one of the best-loved monarchs, and one of the most admired rulers of all time. She became a legend in her own lifetime, famed for her remarkable abilities and achievements. Yet, about Elizabeth the woman, we know very little. She is an enigma, and was an enigma to her own people. Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. She was born on 7 September 1533 at Greenwich Palace. Her birth was possibly the greatest disappointment of her father's life. He had wanted a son and heir to succeed him as he already had a daughter, Mary, by his first wife, Katherine of Aragon. He had not divorced Katherine, and changed the religion of the country in the process, to have only another daughter. Elizabeth's early life was consequently troubled. Her mother failed to provide the King with a son and was executed on false charges of incest and adultery on 19 May 1536. Her marriage to the King was declared null and void, and Elizabeth, like her half-sister, Mary, was declared illegitimate and deprived of her place in the line of succession. The next eight years of her life saw a quick succession of stepmothers. There was Jane Seymour who died giving birth to the King's longed for son, Edward; Anne of Cleves who was divorced; Catherine Howard w ho was beheaded; and finally Catherine Parr. For generations, historians have debated whether the constant bride changing of her father was responsible for Elizabeth's apparent refusal to marry. It is certainly possible that the tragic fates of Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard impressed upon her a certain fear of marriage, but there may have been other reasons for the Queen's single state, such as a fear of childbirth, which claimed the lives of a significant number of women in this period. Even if the Queen had no personal reservations about marriage, there were political problems with almost every contender for her hand. Religion was a major divisive issue, and there was also the problem of whether Elizabeth would have to relinquish any of her royal powers to a husband in an age when the political sphere was exclusively male. As a child, Elizabeth wa... ... claim the English throne for himself and not for her. In the summer of 1588 he sent his mighty fleet against England. But by superior tactics, ship design, and sheer good fortune, the English defeated them. Elizabeth's popularity reached its zenith. It was also another personal triumph as she had proved that she, a woman, could lead in war as well as any man. Elizabeth was dedicated to her country in a way few monarchs had been or have been since. Elizabeth had the mind of a political genius and nurtured her country through careful leadership and by choosing capable men to assist her, such as Sir William Cecil and Sir Francis Walsingham. Elizabeth was a determined woman, but she was not obstinate. She listened to the advice of those around her, and would change a policy if it were unpopular. In appearance she was extravagant, in behavior sometimes flippant and frivolous, but her approach to politics was serious, conservative, and cautious. When she ascended the throne in 1558, England was an impoverished country torn apart by religious squabbles. When she died at Richmond Palace on the 24th March 1603, England was one of the most powerful and prosperous countries in the world.